松辽盆地主要发震构造土壤氢气地球化学特征

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2023.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 松辽盆地中部地质构造发育、断裂纵横交错, 历史上曾发生多次强烈地震, 其中扶余—肇东断裂、呼兰河断裂是松辽盆地内部主要发震构造。气体地球化学对地下物理化学条件改变响应灵敏, 是指示地震和构造活动的有效指标, 在地震短临预测、地震前兆研究以及构造活动分析中占据着重要的地位。通过在扶余—肇东断裂、呼兰河断裂的次级断裂绥化—蒙古山断裂开展土壤氢气测量, 发现活动断裂破碎带附近土壤氢气出现显著变化特征。结果表明: ① 扶余—肇东断裂各测线氢气异常阈值浓度比为1.8~2.3, 异常峰值浓度比为3.0~6.4。 ② 绥化—蒙古山断裂各测线氢气异常阈值浓度比为1.8~2.5, 异常峰值浓度比为3.5~5.7。 ③ 对比异常衬度曲线发现, 扶余—肇东断裂背景浓度、异常阈值、峰值浓度均明显高于绥化—蒙古山断裂, 这与扶余—肇东断裂近年来地震活动显著活跃有关, 可能包含了地震前构造活动增强的信息。 ④ 活动断裂破碎带附近土壤氢气显著变化, 可能与两条断裂性质、地质构造单元、局部应力环境和断裂构造活动强弱等有关。

关键词: 地球化学, 发震构造, 土壤氢气, 松辽盆地

Abstract: The geological structure in the central part of the Songliao Basin is well-developed, with a complex system of intersecting faults. In the past, the area has experienced several strong earthquakes, with the main seismogenic structures being the Fuyu-Zhaodong Fault and the Hulanhe Fault within the Songliao Basin. Soil hydrogen gas measurements were conducted on the Fuyu-Zhaodong Fault and the secondary faults of Hulanhe Fault, namely the Suihua-Menggushan Fault, revealing significant changes in soil hydrogen gas levels near the active fault zones. The results show that ① the hydrogen gas anomaly threshold concentration ratio for each measuring line in the Fuyu-Zhaodong Fault was 1.8~2.3, with an anomaly peak concentration ratio of 3.0~6.4; ② the hydrogen gas anomaly threshold concentration ratio for each measuring line in the Suihua-Menggushan Fault was 1.8~2.5, with an anomaly peak concentration ratio of 3.5~5.7; ③ comparison of the abnormal background, threshold, and peak concentrations between the two faults indicated that the values for the Fuyu-Zhaodong Fault were significantly higher than those for the Suihua-Menggushan Fault. This may be related to the recent significant seismic activity of the Fuyu-Zhaodong Fault, possibly containing information about the enhancement of pre-earthquake tectonic activity. ④ Significant changes in soil hydrogen gas were observed near active fault zones, which may be related to the nature of the two faults, geological structure units, local stress environments, and the strength of fault activity.

Key words: Geochemistry, Seismogenic tectonics, Soil hydrogen, Songliao Basin

中图分类号:

P315.7

李继业, 胡澜缤, 康健, 李营, 王强, 孙强, 张雁翔. 松辽盆地主要发震构造土壤氢气地球化学特征[J]. 地震, 2023, 43(1): 152-170.

LI Ji-ye, HU Lan-bin, KANG Jian, LI Ying, WANG Qiang, SUN Qiang, ZHANG Yan-xiang. Geochemical Characteristics of Soil Hydrogen Gas of the Main Seismogenic Structures of Songliao Basin[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2023, 43(1): 152-170.

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