维西—乔后断裂温泉水文地球化学特征分析

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2025.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文对维西—乔后断裂附近26个温泉进行取样分析, 获得温泉水温、离子组分、 SiO₂含量等水化学数据, 采用硅-焓模型估算温泉的热储温度和循环深度, 分析断裂附近温泉水文地球化学及地热特征。分析结果显示, 维西—乔后断裂附近温泉水化学类型主要以Na-HCO₃型为主, 自北向南沿断裂分布, 局部有所差异, 断裂北端兰坪地区主要为Na-SO₄型和Ca-SO₄型, 断裂西侧为Na-SO₄·HCO₃型、 Ca-SO₄·HCO₃型及Na-Cl型, 温泉化学组分变化受热储温度、循环深度及岩性差异等共同影响; 断裂东侧红河、洱源—鹤庆等断裂穿插交切地区及中段乔后以北的马登一带为2处地热高值区域, 地热场沿断裂自北向南由低值先升高后下降, 呈现出两端低中间高的特征, 地热热源可能和地壳深部流变物质有联系; 维西—乔后断裂附近4次5级以上地震活动与地热空间分布具有一定对应性, 4次地震均发生在地热高值跨断裂向断裂西侧地热低值变化的过渡区域。

关键词: 维西—乔后断裂, 温泉, 热储温度, 地震, 地热异常

Abstract: In this paper, 26 hot springs near the Weixi-Qiaohou fault are sampled and analysed to obtain the hydrochemical components of hot springs, such as temperature, ionic component and SiO₂ content, and adopts the silicon-enthalpy model to estimate the hot spring’s geothermal reservoir temperature and circulation depth, on this basis, the relationship between the hydrothermal activity characteristics of hot springs near the fault and the seismic activity was investigated. The results show that the hydrochemical type of the hot springs near the Weixi-Qiaohou fault is mainly of Na-HCO₃ type, which is distributed along the fault from north to south, with local differences, and the Na-SO₄ and Ca-SO₄ types are mainly found in the Lanping area at the northern end of the fault, and Na-SO₄·HCO₃, Ca-SO₄·HCO₃, and Na-Cl types are found in the west of the fault, changes in the chemical composition of hot springs are affected by differences in geothermal reservoir temperature, circulation depth and lithology. The intersecting areas of the Honghe fault and the Eryuan-Heqing fault on the east side of the fault, and the area of Madeng north of Qiaohou in the middle part of the fault are the two geothermal high-value areas, which presents the characteristics of low value at both ends and high value in the middle, geothermal heat sources may be linked to deep crustal rheological materials. The four M≥5.0 earthquakes all occurred in the transition stage of the high value of geothermal field across the fault to the low value of the western side of the fault, and have some correspondence with geothermal spatial distribution.

Key words: Weixi-Qiaohou fault, Hot spring, Geothermal reservoir temperature, Earthquakes, Geothermal anomaly

中图分类号:

P315.7

李见, 李庆, 邵维晔, 游灿, 王志豪. 维西—乔后断裂温泉水文地球化学特征分析[J]. 地震, 2025, 45(2): 67-84.

LI Jian, LI Qing, SHAO Wei-ye, YOU Can, WANG Zhi-hao. Hydrogeochemical Characterisation of Hot Springs of the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2025, 45(2): 67-84.

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