口泉断裂断层气地球化学变化特征及断层活动性

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2015年对口泉断裂进行了3期断层气地球化学重复观测, 分析了中段石井村剖面和北段上皇庄剖面CO₂、 Rn、 Hg浓度及通量时空变化特征, 发现这两条剖面内CO₂、 Rn浓度及通量时空变化特征基本一致。石井村剖面CO₂通量、 Rn浓度及通量高于上皇庄剖面。上皇庄剖面Hg浓度及通量3期随时间持续上升。认为口泉断裂断层活动活跃, 第四纪活动性中段高于北段, 且北段断层活动呈增强趋势。

关键词: 断层气CO₂、 Rn、 Hg浓度及通量, 断层活动性, 口泉断裂

Abstract: Gas geochemistry observations of Kouquan fault have been completed three times during 2015. Temporal and spatial variations of CO₂, Rn, Hg concentration and flux have been analyzed in profiles of Shijingcun, the middle of Kouquan fault, and Shanghuangzhuang, the north of Kouquan fault. The results show that temporal and spatial variation of CO₂, Rn concentration and flux are basically the same in each profile. The CO₂ flux, Rn concentration and flux of Shijingcun profile is higher than that of Shanghuangzhuang profile. Hg concentration and flux of Shanghuangzhuang profile have increased continuously with time. The fault activity of Kouquan fault is active, Quaternary activity in the middle of fault is higher than the north, and fault activity of the north is in enhanced trend.

Key words: CO₂, Rn, Hg concentration and flux, Fault activity, Kouquan fault

中图分类号:

P315.7

王江,李营,陈志. 口泉断裂断层气地球化学变化特征及断层活动性[J]. 地震, 2017, 37(1): 39-51.

WANG Jiang,LI Ying,CHEN Zhi. Gas Geochemistry and Acivity of the Kouquan Fault in Shanxi Province[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2017, 37(1): 39-51.

参考文献

[1] Etiope G, Martinelli G. Migration of carrier and trace gases in the geosphere: An overview[J]. Physics of the Earth & Planetary Interiors, 2002, 129(3-4): 185-204.
[2] Bernard P. From the search of ‘precursors’ to the research on ‘crustal transients’[J]. Tectonophysics, 2001, 338(3.4): 225-232.
[3] King C Y. Gas geochemistry applied to earthquake prediction: An overview[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1986, 91(B12): 12269-12281.
[4] 高清武. 地震前H_2、 Hg等断层气的异常变化[J]. 中国地震, 1992, 8(03): 55-61.
[5] 杜建国, 宇文欣, 李圣强, 等. 八宝山断裂带逸出氡的地球化学特征及其映震效能[J]. 地震, 1998, 18(02): 155-162.
[6] 张骏, 杜东菊, 彭建兵, 等. 断层气体测量在大柳树坝址区断裂活动性研究中的应用[J]. 勘察科学技术, 1996, (06): 23-27.
[7] 康来迅, 张新基, 黄杏珍, 等. 西秦岭北缘断裂带排气活动的比较研究[J]. 地震学报, 1999, 22(06): 657-664.
[8] Ciotoli G, Lombardi S, Annunziatellis A. Geostatistical analysis of soil gas data in a high seismic intermontane basin: Fucino Plain, central Italy[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 2007, 112(112): 2637-2655.
[9] Lombardi S, Voltattorni N. Rn, He and CO₂ soil gas geochemistry for the study of active and inactive faults[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2010, 25(8): 1206-1220.
[10] Zhou X, Du J, Chen Z, et al. Geochemistry of soil gas in the seismic fault zone produced by the Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake, southwestern China[J]. Geochemical Transactions, 2010. 11(1): 68-82.
[11] 李营, 杜建国, 王富宽, 等. 延怀盆地土壤气体地球化学特征[J]. 地震学报, 2009, 31(01): 82-91, 117.
[12] Fu C C, Yang T F, Du J, et al. Variations of helium and radon concentrations in soil gases from an active fault zone in southern Taiwan[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2008, 43, Supplement 1: S348-S352.
[13] 周晓成, 杜建国, 陈志, 等. 地震地球化学研究进展[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2012(4): 340-346.
[14] 邓起东, 王克鲁, 汪一鹏, 等. 山西隆起区断陷地震带地震地质条件及地震发展趋势概述[J]. 地质科学, 1973, 8(01): 37-47.
[15] 刘光勋, 马廷著, 黄佩玉, 等. 中国东部活动断裂的现代构造运动[J]. 地震地质, 1982, 4(04): 1-14.
[16] 杨承先, 山西大同晚新生代断陷带的构造发育史与构造岩浆过程[J]. 地壳构造与地壳应力文集, 2000: 66-73.
[17] 韩亚超. 大同盆地西缘中生代逆冲构造变形研究[D]. 中国地质大学(北京). 2013.
[18] 徐锡伟, 邓起东, 董瑞树, 等. 山西地堑系强震的活动规律和危险区段的研究[J]. 地震地质, 1992, 14(04): 305-316.
[19] 黄福明, 李群芳, 黄佩玉. 山西地震带活动趋势的初步研究[J]. 中国地震, 1992, 8(02): 36-44.
[20] 周晓成, 郭文生, 杜建国, 等. 呼和浩特地区隐伏断层土壤气氡、汞地球化学特征[J]. 地震, 2007, 27(01): 70-76.
[21] 周晓成, 王传远, 柴炽章, 等. 海原断裂带东南段土壤气体地球化学特征[J]. 地震地质, 2011, 33(01): 123-132.
[22] Li Y, Du J, Wang X, et al. Spatial Variations of Soil Gas Geochemistry in the Tangshan Area of Northern China[J]. Terrestrial Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, 2013, 24(3): 323-332.
[23] Chiodini G, Cioni R, G Widi M, et al. Soil CO₂ flux measurements in volcanic and geothermal areas[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 1998, 13(5): 543-552.
[24] Evans W C, Sorey M L, Kennedy B M, et al. High CO₂ emissions through porous media: transport mechanisms and implications for flux measurement and fractionation[J]. Chemical Geology, 2001, 177(S1-2): 15-29.
[25] Zhou X, Zhi C, Cui Y. Environmental impact of CO₂ , Rn, Hg degassing from the rupture zones produced by Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake in western Sichuan, China[J]. Environmental Geochemistry & Health, 2015: 1-16.
[26] 侯彦珍, 王永才, 张根深. 土壤气氡测量影响因素的初步研究[J]. 华北地震科学, 1994, 12(02): 55-59.
[27] King C Y. Radon emanation on San Andreas Fault[J]. Nature, 1978, 271(5645): 516-519.
[28] Guerra M, Lombardi S. Soil-gas method for tracing neotectonic faults in clay basins: the Pisticci field (Southern Italy)[J]. Tectonophysics, 2001, 339(3): 511-522.
[29] 谢新生, 江娃利, 王瑞, 等. 山西大同盆地口泉断裂全新世古地震活动[J]. 地震地质, 2003, 25(03): 359-374.
[30] Annunziatellis A, Beausien S E, Bigi S, et al. Gas migration along fault systems and through the vadose zone in the Latera caldera (central Italy): Implications for CO₂ geological storage[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2008, 2(3): 353-372.
[31] 张冠亚. 山西地震带北段断裂带土壤气体地球化学特征[D]. 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 2015.
[32] 刘雷, 杜建国, 付碧宏, 等. 玉树M_S7.1级地震甘达村段构造地球化学特征[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2011, 32(02): 129-134.
[33] Nazaroff W W. Radon transport from soil to air[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 1992, 30(2): 137-160.
[34] Zhuo W, Furukawa M, Kim Y S, et al. Soil radon flux and outdoor radon concentrations in East Asia[J]. International Congress, 2005, 1276: 285-286.
[35] Walia V, Mahajan S, Kumar A, et al. Fault delineation study using soil-gas method in the Dharamsala area, NW Himalayas, India[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2008, 43(1): 337-342.
[36] 魏勇作, 张伯友, 宋刚. 广州市土壤氡区域背景值及其应用[J]. 广东土木与建筑, 2006(01): 49-52.
[37] 韩晓昆. 首都圈地震重点监测区土壤气体地球化学[D]. 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 2014.
[38] Gustin M S. Are mercury emissions from geologic sources significant? A status report[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2003, 304(1-3): 153-167.
[39] 口泉断裂口泉村段断裂特征研究[J]. 华北地震科学, 2012: 44-47.
[40] 易锦俊. 山西地堑系活动断裂与地震、地裂缝灾害研究[D]. 长安大学, 2008.
[41] 李煜航, 王庆良, 崔笃信, 等. 大同盆地口泉断裂的活动性及分段特征的数值模拟[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2013, 53(4): 9-12.
[42] 徐伟, 刘旭东, 张世民. 口泉断裂中段晚第四纪最新活动研究[J]. 中国地震, 2011, 27(04): 386-395.