花岗岩水岩反应中水化学变化实验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大量震例表明地震前后可以观测到地下水成分的变化。本文通过差应力下花岗岩与水反应实验模拟研究花岗岩含水层在应力积累至破裂过程中水化学组分的变化, 并探讨了地震水化异常的形成机理。实验结果表明, 随着差应力及其加载时间的增加, 溶液中不同离子浓度均呈现不同程度的增加, 其中Na⁺、 K⁺和Cl^-的浓度变化最明显。随着差应力的增加, 三种离子浓度分别增加到3.3、 2.5和11.6倍。随着加载时间的增加, 三种离子浓度分别增加到3.2、 3.1和12.5倍。这种变化可能主要与花岗岩中矿物的溶解有关, Na⁺、 K⁺和Cl^-可作为花岗岩含水层地震水化前兆监测的灵敏组分。

关键词: 差应力, 离子浓度, 地震前兆, 花岗岩, 水岩反应

Abstract: Many earthquake cases show that the change of groundwater components can be observed before and after the earthquakes. We simulated the changes of hydrochemical components of granite aquifers during stress accumulation to fracture of rock by the experiment of granite and water under differential stress,and discussed formation mechanism of hydrochemical anomalies related to earthquakes. The experimental results show that the concentrations of different ions in water increase with stress and loading time in different degrees, of which the concentrations of Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^- are the most obvious. With the increasing of differential stress,the concentration of the three ions increases to 3.3, 2.5 and 11.6 times respectively. With the increasing of stress loading time,the concentration of the three ions increases to 3.2, 3.1 and 12.5 times respectively. These changes are mainly related to the dissolution of minerals in granite. Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^- could be used as the sensitive components for monitoring earthquake hydrochemical precursors in granite aquifers.

Key words: Differential stress, Earthquake precursor, Ion concentration, Water-rock reaction, Granite

中图分类号:

P315.7

杨思宇, 易丽, 王双杰. 花岗岩水岩反应中水化学变化实验研究[J]. 地震, 2018, 38(3): 115-122.

YANG Si-yu, YI Li, WANG Shuang-jie. Experiment of Hydrochemical Changes in Granite-water Reaction[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2018, 38(3): 115-122.

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