气枪信号振幅叠加方法研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于气枪震源信号较弱, 容易受外界噪声或者地震等因素干扰, 而使得其真实的振幅被掩盖。这些干扰记录若直接参与叠加容易导致振幅信息不可靠, 也会影响叠加效果。为消除干扰影响, 提出概率筛选和噪声模型筛选振幅叠加方法, 以2018年6月在福建龙门滩水库和沙溪口水库的气枪实验数据为例, 从剔除干扰的能力、波形形态、振幅值等方面说明两种方法的实际效果, 并对比两者的优缺点。研究结果表明: ① 两种筛选方法均能有效去除异常干扰, 经处理后的气枪信号的波形形态和最大振幅值与直接线性叠加基本一致; ② 对于固定台网台站, 噪声频谱方法可方便确认台站的运行状态, 及时筛除异常台站; ③ 对于灵敏度等信息不详的流动台站, 噪声模型筛选方法使用受限, 而概率筛选方法简洁, 适用性强。

关键词: 气枪震源, 振幅叠加, 剔除干扰

Abstract: Because the source signal of airgun is weak, it is easy to be disturbed by external noise or earthquake, so its true amplitude is covered.If these interference records are directly involved in the superposition, they will easily lead to unreliable amplitude information and affect the superposition effect.In order to eliminate the interference effects, this paper proposes the methods of probability screening and noise model screening amplitude superposition. Based on the experimental data of airgun in Longmentan Reservoir and Shaxikou Reservoir in Fujian Province in June 2018, the application effects of the two methods are tested in terms of the ability of eliminating interference, waveform shape and amplitude, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are compared.The results show that: ① the two screening methods can effectively remove the abnormal interference, and the waveform shape and maximum amplitude of the airgun signal after processing are basically consistent with the direct linear superposition; ② the fixed network generally has detailed information of instrument parameters, and the noise spectrum method can easily confirm the operation status of the station and screen out the abnormal station in time; for the mobile station with unknown information such as sensitivity, noise model screening method is limited in use, while the probability screening method is concise and applicable.

Key words: Airgun source, Amplitude superposition, Eliminating interference

中图分类号:

P315.7

游秀珍, 林彬华, 李军, 邵平荣, 胡淑芳, 王士成. 气枪信号振幅叠加方法研究[J]. 地震, 2019, 39(4): 1-12.

YOU Xiu-zhen, LIN Bin-hua, LI Jun, SHAO Ping-rong, HU Shu-fang, WANG Shi-cheng. Research on Amplitude Superposition Method of Airgun Signal[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2019, 39(4): 1-12.

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