云南盈江—龙陵断裂带温泉水文地球化学与地震短临前兆异常特征研究

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2025.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为地球深部物质运移的重要指示剂, 断裂带温泉的水化学动态特征能够有效反映区域构造活动与地震的孕育过程。基于2021年8月—2024年1月期间对云南盈江—龙陵断裂带内芒克、邦腊掌两处温泉连续监测的水化学样品数据, 通过分析其水文地球化学特征, 结合区域内地震活动, 回溯性分析两处温泉的水化学组分对地震事件的前兆异常反映过程。结果表明: ① 两处温泉水化学类型主要呈现Na-HCO₃型, 指示具有深部物质来源; ② 氢氧同位素组成(δ18O=-11.0‰～-8.8‰, δD=-77.8‰～-65.0‰)证实大气降水是主要补给源, 经同位素高程效应计算得出补给区高程为1.5～2.0 km; ③ 水化学组分时序分析显示氢氧同位素和温泉水中Na⁺、 Cl^-、 SO^2-₄离子在地震前出现一定前兆异常波动, 这些异常变化与地震的发生存在一定的关联性, 表明水文地球化学参数可作为该区域的有效地震前兆监测指标。本研究为滇西地区地震预测提供了一定的地球化学观测依据。

关键词: 温泉, 地震, 水文地球化学, 前兆异常, 盈江—龙陵断裂带

Abstract: As significant indicators of deep-Earth material migration, the hydrochemical dynamics of fault-zone hot springs can effectively reflect regional tectonic activities and seismic preparation processes. This study presents a retrospective analysis of precursory hydrochemical responses to seismic events, based on continuous monitoring data (August 2021—January 2024) from the Mangke (MK) and Banglazhang (BLZ) hot springs along the Yingjiang-Longling Fault Zone in Yunnan Province. The results demonstrate that: ① Both springs exhibit Na-HCO^-₃ type hydrochemical characteristics, suggesting contributions from deep-source materials; ② Stable isotope compositions (δ18O=-11.0‰~-8.8‰, δD=-77.8‰~-65.0‰) confirm meteoric water as the primary recharge source, with recharge elevations of 1.5~2.0 km calculated through isotopic altitudinal effects; ③ Time-series analysis reveals precursory anomalies in hydrogen/oxygen isotopes and Na⁺, Cl^-, SO^2-₄ concentration, showing statistically correlations with earthquakes. These findings validate hydrogeochemical parameters as effective indicators for earthquake precursor monitoring in this region, providing a certain basis of geochemical observations for seismic forecasting in western Yunnan.

Key words: Hot springs, Earthquakes, Hydrogeochemistry, Precursory anomalies, Yingjiang-Longling Fault Zone

中图分类号:

P315.7

秦双龙, 曾召君, 周晓成, 何苗, 天娇, 洪旭瑜. 云南盈江—龙陵断裂带温泉水文地球化学与地震短临前兆异常特征研究[J]. 地震, 2025, 45(2): 193-210.

QIN Shuang-long, ZENG Zhao-jun, ZHOU Xiao-cheng, HE Miao, TIAN Jiao, HONG Xu-yu. Study on the Hot spring Hydrogeochmistry and Their Anomalous Characteristics of Short-term and Impending Earthquake Precursors at Yingjiang[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2025, 45(2): 193-210.

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