安徽庐江汤池温泉水文地球化学特征研究

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2025.02.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2021—2023年对庐江汤池温泉开展水化学离子样品采集, 2023年1月—10月对其开展氢氧同位素采样, 进行了该温泉水文化学特征研究, 尝试建立了温泉水文地球化学循环模型。研究结果表明: ① 温泉水化学类型为Na-SO₄; ② δD和δ18O的测值分别为-59.6‰~-63.9‰和-8.79‰~-9.79‰, 偏离大气降雨线, 表明庐江汤池温泉除大气降水补给外, 还接受深部地下热水补给, 其补给高程为1.3 km; ③ 常量元素主要来自花岗岩及凝灰岩类的水—岩反应; ④ Na-K-Mg三角图表明该温泉水样主要为部分成熟水, 水—岩反应程度高; ⑤ 利用SiO₂温度计估算该温泉的热储温度为92.19℃, 循环深度达1.524 km; ⑥ 该温泉是由大气降雨渗入经深部的热源加热并沿断裂带向上运移补给形成的, 其流体地球化学特征与周边中等以上地震活动性有较好的对应关系, 如2021年江苏常州M4.2震前28~113 d, 该温泉中的钠离子、氯离子、硫酸根离子有明显异常; 2023年山东平原M5.5地震前, 氢氧同位素也出现同步变化。因此, 对庐江汤池温泉的流体地球化学成分进行连续监测, 能为未来郯庐断裂带附近区域地震危险性提供有效的短临指标。

关键词: 庐江汤池温泉, 水文地球化学, 氢氧同位素, 异常特征, 2021年常州M4.2地震

Abstract: This paper takes the chemical characteristics and isotopic composition of the water about Lujiang Tangchi hot spring well in the Tanlu fault zone as the research object, and the chemical composition content of the hot spring water was sampled and tested from 2021 to 2023, and the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of the hot spring water were monitored from January to October in 2023, and a model of hydrochemical migration of the hot springs in Lujiang Tangchi is built. The results show that: ① The chemical type of hot spring water is Na-SO₄. ② The values of the stable isotopes (δD and δ¹⁸O) are -59.6‰~-63.9‰ and -8.79‰~-9.79‰, respectively, distributing deviate the atmospheric precipitation line. It shows that Tangchi Hot Spring in Lujiang County is also supplied by deep underground hot water, and its recharge elevation is 1.3 km. ③ The major elements come from the water-rock reaction of granite and tuff. ④ The Na-K-Mg triangle diagram show that the hot spring water samples are mainly partially mature water and the degree of water-rock reaction is high. ⑤ The temperature of the thermal reservoir is estimated to be 92.19℃ and the cycle depth is 1.524 km by using SiO₂ thermometer. ⑥ The hot spring is formed by the infiltration of rainfall into the atmosphere, heating by a deep heat source, and moving up along the fault zone to supply, which is a good correlation between the fluid geochemical characteristics and the seismic activity of the surrounding area. The sodium ions, chloride ions and sulfate ions in the hot spring were obviously abnormal 28~113 days before the M4.2 earthquake in Changzhou, Jiangsu. Meanwhile, the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes also showed synchronous abnormal changes before the 2023 M5.5 earthquake in Pingyuan, Shandong. Therefore, the continuous monitioring of fluid geochemical variations in Lujiang Tangchi hot spring could provide an effective indicator for judging the seismic risk near the Tanlu fault zone in the future.

Key words: Lujiang Tangchi hot spring, Hydrogeochemistry, Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, Abnormal features, The 2021 Changzhou M4.2 earthquake

中图分类号:

P315.72

王俊, 周晓成, 裴红云, 汪世仙, 杨源源, 李军辉, 马力. 安徽庐江汤池温泉水文地球化学特征研究[J]. 地震, 2025, 45(2): 49-66.

WANG Jun, ZHOU Xiao-cheng, PEI Hong-yun, WANG Shi-xian, YANG Yuan-yuan, LI Jun-hui, MA Li. Study on Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Lujiang Tangchi Hot Spring in Anhui Province[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2025, 45(2): 49-66.

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