华东中强震的构造分类及地震活动图像中、 短期异常特征

地震 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 87-96.

华东中强震的构造分类及地震活动图像中、短期异常特征

周翠英, 蒋海昆, 周焕鹏, 侯海峰, 李永红

山东省地震局,山东济南 250014

出版日期:2004-10-31 发布日期:2021-11-29
作者简介:周翠英(1952-), 女, 山东蓬莱人, 研究员, 主要从事地震学、地震预报、震源机制与应力场等研究。
基金资助:
“十五”中国地震局攻关项目(2001BA601B01-04-01)部分研究成果

Structure classification of moderately strong earthquakes in East China and the characteristics of medium-and short-term anomalies of seismicity pattern

ZHOU Cui-ying, JIANG Hai-kun, ZHOU Huan-peng, HOU Hai-feng, LI Yong-hong

Earthquake Administration of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China

Online:2004-10-31 Published:2021-11-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于在相似外加载荷作用下结构相似的构造可表现出类似的破裂图像及前兆演化特征的实验室研究结果, 对华东地区现代中强地震进行了初步构造分类, 在此基础上分析研究了19次震例前地震活动图像异常的统计特征。结果表明: ① 大多数震例前具有2~3年尺度的地震学异常, 图像以“条带”和“增强”为主; ② 多数地震在条带异常后有1~2年的中期平静, 震前0.5~1年左右在中期平静背景上出现“集中、收缩”图像; ③ 震前3个月左右的较短时间内, 多数震例震中附近以短期“平静”为主; ④ 部分震例前短时间内震中附近有“显著性地震”事件发生; ⑤ 不同构造类型震例前, 地震异常图像可能存在差异; ⑥ 华东地区中强地震可能更多是属于沿原存断裂继承性破裂导致的地震, 震源力学性质多为拉张型。拉张与挤压型地震的异常特点也可能存在差异。但由于震例较少, 其确定性和成因还需进一步探讨。

关键词: 地震活动性, 中、短期异常, 显著性地震事件, 华东地区

Abstract: The current moderately strong earthquakes in East China have been preliminarily classified according to the tectonics based on information from laboratory study results-it presents the similar fracture pattern and characteristics of precursory evolution to similar structural tectonics on the action of extra adding loads. Furthermore, we have analyzed and studied the seismicity patterns and some general and specific characteristics of seismic pattern before 19 earthquakes. The results show some features as follows: ① Most cases have medium-term seismological anomaly of 2 years, being mainly seismic band and enhancement of patterns; ② Medium-short term of 1 year calm occurs after the emerging of seismic bands, and then the concentrated or contracted patterns of 0.5 year before the earthquakes; ③ In most cases, there is principally seismic quiescence around epicenter about a short period of 3 to 6 months before the earthquakes; ④ Partly, for a short time before the earthquakes, significance seismic events occurred near the epicenter region; ⑤ Seismic anomaly patterns might be different before various tectonic types of earthquakes; ⑥ Moderately strong earthquakes occurred in East China are mostly dislocation slip type of earthquakes that its fracture along with pre-existing faults, and the focal mechanical behavior mainly belong to stretch type, the anomaly characteristics of stretch and compression type probably have some differences. Nevertheless, it's necessary to discuss further the cause and definition because of insufficiency of earthquake examples.

Key words: Seismicity, Medium-short term anomaly, Significance earthquake, East China

中图分类号:

周翠英, 蒋海昆, 周焕鹏, 侯海峰, 李永红. 华东中强震的构造分类及地震活动图像中、短期异常特征[J]. 地震, 2004, 24(4): 87-96.

ZHOU Cui-ying, JIANG Hai-kun, ZHOU Huan-peng, HOU Hai-feng, LI Yong-hong. Structure classification of moderately strong earthquakes in East China and the characteristics of medium-and short-term anomalies of seismicity pattern[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2004, 24(4): 87-96.

参考文献

[1] 孙加林, 陆远忠, 曹井泉, 等. 地震活动图像演化及有序性在地震预报研究中应用研究的新进展[J]. 地震, 1995, 15(增刊): 110-117.
[2] 中国地震局预测预防司. 强地震中短期预报方法及效能研究, “九五”中国地震预报科技攻关成果系列丛书[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2002.
[3] 中国地震局预测预防司. 强震中短期预报新方法及机理研究, “九五”中国地震预报科技攻关成果系列丛书[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2002.
[4] 陆远忠, 吴云, 王炜, 等. 地震中短期预报的动态图像方法[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2001.
[5] 蒋海昆, 马胜利, 张流, 等. 含障碍体平直断层标本变形过程中群体微破裂时间的时空演化特征[J]. 地球物理学报, 2003, 46(2): 209-216.
[6] 蒋海昆, 马胜利, 张流, 等. 雁裂式断层组合变形过程中的声发射活动特征[J]. 地震学报, 2002, 24(4): 385-396.
[7] 蒋海昆, 马胜利, 张流, 等. 共线不连通断层标本变形过程中群体微破裂事件的时空演化[J]. 地震, 2003, 23(3): 1-9.
[8] 张肇诚, 罗兰格, 李海华, 等. 中国震例(1966~1975)[M]. 北京:　地震出版社,　1988. 144-154.
[9] 张肇诚,　罗兰格,　李海华, 等. 中国震例(1976~1980)[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 1990. 286-301, 357-384.
[10] 张肇诚, 罗兰格, 李海华, 等. 中国震例(1981~1985)[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 1990. 190-223.
[11] 张肇诚, 郑大林, 徐京华. 中国震例(1986~1988)[M]. 北京:地震出版社,　1999. 156-173.
[12] 张肇诚, 郑大林, 徐京华. 中国震例(1989~1991)[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 1999, 176-202.
[13] 陈棋福, 郑大林, 车时, 等. 中国震例(1992~1994)[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2002. 15-36.
[14] 陈棋福, 郑大林, 刘桂萍, 等. 中国震例(1995~1996)[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 2002. 165-199.
[15] 胡连英, 徐学思, 孙寿成, 等. 溧阳地震与茅东断裂带[M]. 北京: 地震出版社,1997.8-10,36-39.
[16] 张永久, 朱航, 李桂芳, 等. 川滇地区地震(M_S≥5.0)破裂类型与前兆异常分布的关系[J]. 内陆地震, 2002, 16(2): 136-142.
[17] 耿乃光. 应力减小引起地震[J]. 地震学报, 1985, 7(4): 445-451.