慢地震慢前兆的机制研究*

地震 ›› 2003, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 12-20.

慢地震慢前兆的机制研究^*

许昭永¹, 杨润海¹, 胡毅力², 许峻³, 王赟赟¹

1.云南省防灾研究所,云南昆明 650041;
2.云南大学地球科学系,云南昆明 650091;
3.昆明南方岩土技术工程公司,云南昆明 650091

收稿日期:2002-07-08 修回日期:2002-11-05 出版日期:2003-04-30 发布日期:2021-12-21
作者简介:许昭沁(1943-）,男,河南焦作市人,研究员,主要从事实验地球物理等研究。
基金资助:
·国家重点基础研究专项(GJ998040704); 国家自然科学基金(46764010和19732060); "九五"中国地震局科研攻关项目(9691309020301)

A study of mechanism for slow earthquakes and precursors

XU Zhao-yong¹, YANG Run-hai¹, HU Yi-li², XU Jun³, WANG Yun-yun¹

1. Institute for Disaster Prevention of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650041;
2. Department of Geosctence of Yunnan University, Kunming;
3. Kunming Nanfang Technique Company of Rock and Soil

Received:2002-07-08 Revised:2002-11-05 Online:2003-04-30 Published:2021-12-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过岩石高温高压破裂实验与有机玻璃破裂试验的应力–应变曲线对比、地震波形记录(观测资料）与试样破裂波形(实验资料）对比、地震前后定点应变与主破裂前后应变形态变化的对比匈认为慢地震是临界或亚临界破裂或预先滑动所致,是低频应变波动。它是材料屈服、弱化或塑性变化的必然结果。而慢前兆则是临近大地震(大破裂）前出现的诸如形变、低频地震波(破裂弹性波）等的短期及临震前兆现象,它比较可靠。但由千许多岩石主破裂前并无明显的临界破裂或预滑动现象,也并非所有岩石都一定出现明显屈服,所以也并非每个地震前都有慢地霞, 因此,也就不一定都出现低频波动。从而,也并不一定都出现相同的短期、临震前兆现象。

关键词: 慢地震, 慢前兆, 临界破裂, 屈服, 塑性变化

Abstract: By comparing the stress-strain curves of rock samples at high temperature and high pressure with ones of plexiglas at usual temperature and axial compression, and contrasting seismic wave with ones recorded when fracture occurs in the sample, and balancing the fixedpoint strain of pre- and post-earthquake with the variation of strain field pre- and main-fracture of rock sample, we understand that slow earthquake results from critical or sub-critical fracture, or pre-slid, and it is a strain wave with low frequency. It is an inevitable result due to material yield, weakening or plastic variation. The slow precursor is a sort of credible, short-term and impending precursors, such as deformation, strains wave with low frequency before the large earthquake Clarge fracture). Since the obvious critical-or sub-critical fracture, pre-slid or obvious yield was not observed before the fracture in all rocks, therefore, there won't be slow earthquake and the wave with low frequency before all strong earthquakes. As a result、the same short-term and impending precursor is not observed before all strong earthquakes.

Key words: Slow earthquake, Slow precursor, Critical fracture, Yield, Plastic variation

中图分类号:

P315.3

许昭永, 杨润海, 胡毅力, 许峻, 王赟赟. 慢地震慢前兆的机制研究^*[J]. 地震, 2003, 23(2): 12-20.

XU Zhao-yong, YANG Run-hai, HU Yi-li, XU Jun, WANG Yun-yun. A study of mechanism for slow earthquakes and precursors[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2003, 23(2): 12-20.

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