对齐误差对测试地震计自噪声的影响

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2020.03.012

地震 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 153-166.doi: 10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2020.03.012

对齐误差对测试地震计自噪声的影响

王洪体^1,2, 崔仁胜¹, 王宏远², 叶鹏², 李丽娟²

1.中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京 100036;
2.北京港震科技股份有限公司, 北京 102628

收稿日期:2020-01-17 出版日期:2020-07-31 发布日期:2020-07-28
作者简介:王洪体(1963-),男,四川三台人,理学博士,研究员,主要从事地震观测技术研究工作。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1503901)

Effect of Alignment Error on Estimation of Self-noise of Seismometer

WANG Hong-ti^1,2, CUI Ren-sheng¹, WANG Hong-yuan², YE Peng², LI Li-juan²

1. Institute of Earthquake Prediction, CEA, Beijing 100036, China;
2. Beijing Geolight Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102621, China

Received:2020-01-17 Online:2020-07-31 Published:2020-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文在理论上研究了对齐误差对测试地震计自噪声的影响。指出对齐误差影响到2台仪器记录间的计算互功率谱密度, 进而影响到被测仪器记录间相干函数计算, 最终影响到被测仪器的自噪声计算。发现当存在对齐误差时, 在信噪比较高频段计算得到的自噪声水平比仪器的实际自噪声水平要高, 在一般的实际测试中可能高20 dB以上。为了消除对齐误差对自噪声测试的影响, 提出通过投影逆变换把观测记录变换到标准坐标系下, 再用变换后的观测记录来计算地震计自噪声。给出了基于以上思路和传感参数对比测试方法的地震计自噪声计算处理流程, 合成数据、实际测试数据的处理检验计算结果表明, 本文方法可以有效克服地震计自噪声测试中对齐误差的影响。

关键词: 对齐误差, 地震计, 相干函数, 自噪声

Abstract: The influence of alignment error on estimation of seismometer self-noise is theoretically studied in this paper. It is found that the alignment error affect calculated cross-power spectrum density between two records of 2 aligned instruments and then it affects the calculation of the coherence coefficient between the records of the instruments, and finally affects the estimated self-noise. It is found that the calculated self-noise is higher than the actual value in the higher frequency band when the alignment error exists, and may be more than 20 dB higher in practical test. To remove the influence of alignment error on calculated self-noise in test, it is proposed to transform the observation records to the standard coordinate system by inverse projection transformation, and use the transformed records to calculate the seismometer self-noise. The procedure is given to get self-noise without influence of alignment error based on the above idea and calculation of sensing data with side-by-side comparison. It is proved that the algorithm given in this paper is effective to overcome the influence of the alignment error on the seismometer self-noise test.

Key words: Alignment error, Seismometer, Coherence function, Self-noise

中图分类号:

P315.7

王洪体, 崔仁胜, 王宏远, 叶鹏, 李丽娟. 对齐误差对测试地震计自噪声的影响[J]. 地震, 2020, 40(3): 153-166.

WANG Hong-ti, CUI Ren-sheng, WANG Hong-yuan, YE Peng, LI Li-juan. Effect of Alignment Error on Estimation of Self-noise of Seismometer[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2020, 40(3): 153-166.

参考文献

[1] Adam T. Ringler, Reinoud Sleeman, Charles Robert Hutt, et al. Seismomter self-noise and measuring methods[J]. Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 2014, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_175-1.
[2] 崔庆谷. 反馈式地震计的性能设计与噪声测量研究[D]. 中国地震局地球物理研究所, 2003.
CUI Qing-gu. The Research for performance and self-noise measure of force-balanced seismometers[D]. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, 2003 (in Chinese).
[3] 崔庆谷.位移换能型加速度计中电子力与机械力的比例设计[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究, 2003, 24(1): 7-13.
CUI Qing-gu. The design of the mechanical-to-electrical force ratio of a force-balanced accelerator[J]. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 2003, 24(1): 7-13 (in Chinese).
[4] 崔庆谷, 朱小毅, 薛兵. 反馈网络对地震计性能的影响[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究, 2002, 23(3): 9-14.
CUI Qing-gu, Zhu Xiao-yi, XUE Bing. The influence of feedback network on the performance of seismometers[J]. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 2002, 23(3): 9-14 (in Chinese).
[5] 刘洋君, 薛兵, 朱小毅, 等. 地震计自噪声的研究[J]. 地震, 2010, 30(1): 138-146.
LIU Yang-jun, XUE Bing, Zhu Xiao-yi, et al. Study on the self-noise of seismometers[J]. Earthquake, 2010, 30(1): 138-146 (in Chinese).
[6] Holcomb L G. A direct method for calculation instrument noise levels in side-by-side seismometer evaluations. 1989, Open-File Report 89-214, USGS.
[7] Holcomb L. G. A numerical study of some potential sources of error in side-by-side seismometer evalutations. 1990, Open-File Report 90-406, USGS.
[8] Evans J R, Followwill F, Hutt C R, et al. Method for calculating self-noise spectra and operating ranges for seismographic inertial sensors and recorders[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 2010, 81(4): 640-646.
[9] Tasic I, Runovc F. Seismometer self-noise estimation using a single reference instrument[J]. Journal of Seismology, 2012, 16(2): 183-194.
[10] 李小军, 谢剑波, 杨大克, 等. 基于概率统计的甚宽频带地震计自噪声水平分析[J]. 中国地震, 2019, 35(1): 38-52.
LI Xiao-jun, XIE Jian-bo, YANG Da-ke et al. Analysis for self-noise level of the very broadband seismometer using probability statistic[J]. Earthquake Research In China, 2019, 35(1): 38-52 (in Chinese).
[11] 崔庆谷, 童汪练. 地震计仪器噪声测量中的几个问题[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究, 2003, 24(6): 39-46.
CUI Qing-gu, TONG Wang-lian. Several issues about the measurement of a seismometer’s self-noise[J]. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 2003, 24(6): 39-46 (in Chinese).
[12] 许卫卫, 袁松湧, 艾印双, 等. 多通道相关分析用于宽频带地震仪自噪声检测[J]. 地球物理学报, 2017, 60(9): 3466-3474.
XU Wei-wei, YUAN Song-yong, AI Yin-shuang, et al. Applying multiple channel correlation technique in the self-noise measurement of broadband seismographs[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2017, 60(9): 3466-3474 (in Chinese).
[13] 李彩华, 滕云田, 杨大克, 等. 基于两道互相关模型的地震计自噪声测试分析[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究, 2015, 36(1): 100-106.
LI Cai-hua, TENG Yun-tian, YANG Da-ke, et al. Seismometer self-noise test and analysis based on two cross correlation model[J]. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 2015, 36(1): 100-106 (in Chinese).
[14] R. Sleeman, Arie van Wettum, jiannot Trampert. Three-channel correlation analysis: A new method to meausre instrumental noise of digitizers and seismic sensors[J]. BSSA, 2006, 96(1): 258-271.
[15] 尹昕忠, 陈九辉, 李顺成, 等. 流动宽频带地震计自噪声测试研究[J]. 地震地质, 2013, 35(3): 576-583.
YIN Xin-zhong, CHEN Jiu-hui, LI Shun-cheng, et al. The Research on self-noise measurement method of moveable broadband seismometer[J]. Seismology and Geology, 2013, 35(3): 576-583 (in Chinese).
[16] Gerner A, Bokelmann G. Instrument self-noise and sensor misalignment[J]. Advances in Geosciences, 2013, 36: 17-20.
[17] Gerner A, Sleeman R, Lenhart W, et al. Improving self-noise estimates of broadband seismometers by 3D trace rotation[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 2017, 88(1): 96-103.
[18] Ringler A T, Hutt C R. Self-noise models of seismic instruments[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 2010, 81(6).
[19] 王洪体, 王宏远, 叶鹏, 等. 对比法测试地震计传感参数[J]. 地震地磁观测与研究, 2019, 40(6): 78-86.
WANG Hong-ti, WANG Hong-yuan, YE Peng, et al. Measurement of Sensing Parameters for Seismometer with side-by-side comparison[J]. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research, 2019, 40(6): 78-86 (in Chinese).

对齐误差对测试地震计自噪声的影响

Effect of Alignment Error on Estimation of Self-noise of Seismometer

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张兵, 李珍, 朱小毅, 薛兵, 苏鹏, 吴旭, 黄诗. 力平衡反馈式地震计反馈力系数动态测试研究[J]. 地震, 2022, 42(4): 175-183.
[2]	王九洋, 马莉, 杨士超, 王亮. 2020年12月23日青海玉树火流星的宽频带数字地震台网记录[J]. 地震, 2022, 42(2): 161-170.
[3]	王洪体, 王宏远, 叶鹏, 李丽娟, 康继平. 地震计低自噪声测量及参数建模[J]. 地震, 2022, 42(1): 145-154.
[4]	肖武军, 赵楠, 李小军, 赵刚, 刘泉, 曲利, 骆佳骥. 地震台站标准化中地震计防震加固装置试验分析[J]. 地震, 2021, 41(4): 158-167.
[5]	王洪体, 崔仁胜, 叶鹏, 王宏远, 李丽娟. 高可靠深井地震计输出符合性检验[J]. 地震, 2021, 41(4): 148-157.
[6]	王晓蕾, 谷国梁, 薛兵, 朱小毅. 温度对宽频地震计观测资料影响的研究方法[J]. 地震, 2018, 38(3): 170-180.
[7]	林湛, 薛兵, 朱小毅, 陈阳, 李江, 彭朝勇, 刘洋君. 地震计灵敏度的对比测量法[J]. 地震, 2013, 33(1): 22-28.
[8]	刘洋君, 薛兵, 朱小毅, 林湛. 地震计自噪声的研究[J]. 地震, 2010, 30(1): 138-146.
[9]	林湛, 朱小毅, 薛兵, 陈阳, 彭朝勇, 段荣, 马中华, 杜则澄. 正弦标定自动处理算法研究[J]. 地震, 2008, 28(2): 93-100.