GPS应变率场计算方法研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于大地测量资料获取地壳运动与应变积累定量结果一直是国内外重视的地震中长期预测的技术途径。针对地震变形过程的准确描述问题, 国内外学者基于GPS资料, 发展了多种应变率场解算方法。本文首先简要介绍了GPS应变率计算的基本原理, 然后系统梳理了国内外多种计算方法的优势和不足, 结果表明: 应变率计算的数学方法只考虑几何关系, 其中整体方法主要适合数据密度和分布较好条件下获取区域地壳变形分布与趋势, 局部方法主要适用于数据较为稀疏情况下描述构造块体的变形特征; 应变率计算的物理方法既考虑几何关系又考虑物理关系, 其中, 位错方法根据主要适合于研究区域存在主控断层的情况(研究区域的变形主要由少数断层控制); 数值模拟方法(如有限元法)主要适用于区域地质、地球物理的资料比较完备的情况。

关键词: 应变率场, GPS观测, 适用性分析

Abstract: Quantitative results of crustal movement and strain accumulation based on geodetic data have always been an important technical approach for medium and long term earthquake prediction. In view of the accurate description of seismic deformation process, scholars at home and abroad have developed a variety of strain rate field calculation methods based on GPS data. Firstly, the basic principle of GPS strain rate calculation is briefly analyzed, and then the advantages and disadvantages of various calculation methods are systematically combed. The results show that the mathematical method of strain rate calculation only considers geometric relations, and the integral method is mainly suitable for obtaining regional crustal deformation distribution under the condition of adequate data density and distribution. Local methods are mainly suitable for describing the deformation characteristics of tectonic blocks with sparse data; the physical methods of strain rate calculation take into account both geometric and physical relations, and the dislocation method is mainly suitable for the case where the main fault exists in the study area (the deformation is controlled by few faults). Numerical simulation method (such as finite element method) is mainly applicable to the case of more complete regional geological and geophysical data.

Key words: Strain rate field, GPS

中图分类号:

P315.7

王静. GPS应变率场计算方法研究进展[J]. 地震, 2019, 39(2): 122-134.

WANG Jing. Calculation Method of Strain Rate Field Based on GPS Observation[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2019, 39(2): 122-134.

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