2016年缅甸M7.2地震前中国区域电离层TEC扰动的时空分布

地震 ›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 95-105.

2016年缅甸M7.2地震前中国区域电离层TEC扰动的时空分布

宋锐¹, 刘静¹, 张学民¹, 何建辉²

1.中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京 100036;
2.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2017-07-20 出版日期:2019-07-31 发布日期:2019-08-09
作者简介:宋锐(1992-), 女, 山东东营人, 在读博士研究生, 主要从事区域电离层建模与地震监测研究。
基金资助:
中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务经费(2015IES0101, 2019IES0704)

Spatial-temporal Distribution of Ionospheric TEC Perturbations in China Prior to the 2016 Myanmar M7.2 Earthquake

SONG Rui¹, LIU Jing¹, ZHANG Xue-min¹, HE Jian-hui²

1.Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, CEA, Beijing 100036, China;
2.Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2017-07-20 Online:2019-07-31 Published:2019-08-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于GPS TEC数据, 以2016年4月13日发生在缅甸的M7.2地震为例, 通过限定上、下阈值的扰动提取方法分析了地震电离层效应在中国区域的时空分布。结果显示, 该地震前2~4天, 中国区域的TEC扰动为地震电离层前兆; 其中4月11日(震前2天)电离层扰动受地震的影响最大, 扰动范围可达2816 km; 同时还发现4月11日异常最明显的区域在震中偏北方向(中国南部), 单独提取该区域经度链上的JPL TEC数据, 发现异常区域内北驼峰北移的现象, 并用静电场理论对异常区域向北偏移的物理机制做了分析解释。

关键词: TEC, 电离层异常, 北驼峰北移, 2016年缅甸M7.2地震

Abstract: Based on the data of GPS TEC, taking Myanmar M7.2 earthquake on April 13th, 2016 as an example, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution of seismo-ionospheric anomalies in China by using upper and lower thresholds to extract disturbance. The result shows that for 2 to 4 days before this earthquake, TEC disturbance in China was seismo-ionospheric precursor, especially the ionospheric disturbance on April 11^th (two days before earthquake) was most affected by the earthquake, and the disturbance range could reach 2816 km. Meanwhile, on April 11^th, the most obvious abnormal area was in the northward direction of the epicenter (Southern China). Through extracting the JPL TEC data on the longitude chain of the most obvious abnormal area, we found that the north EIA had been moved northwards. We t use the theory of electrostatic field to explain the possible physical mechanism of this abnormal phenomenon.

Key words: Myanmar earthquake, TEC, Spatial-temporal distribution of ionospheric anomalies, the north EIA moving northwards

中图分类号:

P315.7

宋锐, 刘静, 张学民, 何建辉. 2016年缅甸M7.2地震前中国区域电离层TEC扰动的时空分布[J]. 地震, 2019, 39(3): 95-105.

SONG Rui, LIU Jing, ZHANG Xue-min, HE Jian-hui. Spatial-temporal Distribution of Ionospheric TEC Perturbations in China Prior to the 2016 Myanmar M7.2 Earthquake[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2019, 39(3): 95-105.

参考文献

[1] Leonard R S, Barnes R A. Observation of the ionospheric disturbances following the Alaska earthquake[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 1965, 70: 1250-1253.
[2] Antsilevich M G. The influence of Tashkent earthquake on the Earth’s magnetic field and the ionosphere, Tashkent earthquake 26 April 1966[J]. Tashkent FAN, 1971, 187-188.
[3] Datchenko E A, Ulomov V I, Chernyshova C P. Electron density anomalies as the possible precursor of Tashkent earthquake[J]. Dokl Uzbek. Acad. Sci., 1972, 12: 30-32.
[4] Gokhberg M B, Morgounov V A, Yoshino T, et al. Experimental measurement of electromagnetic emissions possibly related to earthquakes in Japan[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 1982, 87 (B9): 7824-7828.
[5] Pulinets S A. Seismic activity as a source of the ionospheric variability[J]. Adv. Space Res., 1998, 22: 903-906.
[6] 张学民, 丁鉴海, 申旭辉, 等. 汶川8级地震前电磁扰动与电磁立体监测体系[J]. 电波科学报, 2009, 24 (3): 1-8.
[7] 刘静, 万卫星. 中国6.0级以上地震临震电离层扰动时空分布特征研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2014, 57 (7): 2181-2189.
[8] Kuo C L, Huba J D, Joyce G, et al. Ionospheric plasma bubbles and density variations induced by pre-earthquake rock currents and associated surface charges[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 2011, 116(A10): A10317, doi: 10.1029/2011JA016628.
[9] 马新欣, 林湛, 陈化然, 等. 基于GPS和COSMIC数据分析汶川地震TEC和NmF2扰动[J]. 地球物理学报, 2014, 57 (8): 2415-2422.
[10] 张学民, 刘静, 申旭辉, 等. 2005年3月28日苏门答腊8.6级地震前的电离层扰动[J]. 地球物理报, 2010, 53 (3): 567-575.
[11] 刘静, 万卫星, 黄建平, 等. 智利8.8级地震的震前电子浓度扰动[J]. 地球物理学报, 2011, 54 (11): 2717-2725.
[12] 曾中超, 张蓓, 方广有, 等. 利用DEMETER卫星数据分析汶川地震前的电离层异常[J]. 地球物理学报, 2009, 52 (1): 11-19.
[13] Liu J Y, Chuo Y J, Shan S J, et al. Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies registered by continuous GPS TEC measurements[J]. Annales Geophysicae, 2004, 22: 1585-1593.
[14] Liu J Y, Chen I, Chuo Y J, et al. A statistical investigation of pre-earthquake ionospheric anomaly[J]. J. Geophys. Res., 2006, 111, A05304, doi: 10.1029/2005JA011333.
[15] 姚宜斌, 陈鹏, 吴寒, 等. 2011年3月11日日本地震震前电离层异常变化分析[J]. 科学通报, 2012, 57 (5): 355-365.
[16] Pulinets S A. Boyarchuk K. Ionospheric Precursors of Earthquakes[M]. 2005.
[17] Weaver P F, Yuen P C, Prolss G W, et al. Acoustic coupling in the ionosphere from seismic waves of the earthquake at Kurile Islands on August 11[J]. Nature, 1969, 226: 1239-1241.
[18] Zhang X M, Shen X H, Liu J, et al. Ionospheric perturbations of electron density before the Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. IJRS., 2010, DOI: 10.1080/01431161003727762.