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地震 ›› 2009, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 98-106.

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中国大陆强震活动时空特征分析

邵志刚, 马宏生, 李志雄, 张国民   

  1. 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京 100036
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-21 修回日期:2009-04-14 出版日期:2009-10-31 发布日期:2021-10-15
  • 作者简介:邵志刚(1977-), 男, 山东临沂人, 博士学位, 主要从事地球动力学和地震预测等研究。
  • 基金资助:
    地震预测研究所基本科研业务专项(02076902-11); 地震行业科研专项(200708038)

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Strong Earthquake Activities in Mainland China

SHAO Zhi-gang, MA Hong-sheng, LI Zhi-xiong, ZHANG Guo-min   

  1. Institute of Earthquake Science, CEA, Beijing 100036, China
  • Received:2008-10-21 Revised:2009-04-14 Online:2009-10-31 Published:2021-10-15

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摘要： 本文在以往研究的基础上分析中国大陆强震活动的时空特征, 以中国大陆1901年以来7级及其以上强震年频次为样本, 采用最优分割将中国大陆地震活动状态分为三种时段: 少发段、 平均段和频发段。 中国大陆强震时间活动呈现非稳态现象, 强震频发段间存在短期的地震平静, 由强震平均段到频发段过渡期间同样存在强震少发段, 而少发段也有7级以上强震发生。 以此为基础结合中国大陆活动地块边界带, 研究不同强震丛发时段前地震活动的空间分布特点以及强震丛发时段的主体活动地区。 研究结果表明, 1901年以来中国大陆强震活动总体来讲, 1955年前后表现出不同的空间特征: 1955年之前强震活动主体区域为中国西部及周边大三角地区的三条边界; 1955年之后强震活动主体区域为华北地区、 巴颜喀拉地块区及南北地震带南段地区。 不同相邻强震丛发时段的主体活动地区有一定的交替性, 少发时段或增多时段的强震往往是上一个丛发时段的主体区内强震活动的延续, 或者发生在下一个强震主体活动区内或周边地区。

关键词: 中国大陆, 强震活动, 时空特征

Abstract: Based on analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics of strong earthquake activities in mainland China, this paper studies the M≥7 earthquakes in mainland China from 1901 by Fisher method. The states of strong earthquake activities can be divided into intermittent phase, sporadically occurring phase and frequently occurring phase. Then based on this division, we discussed the spatial characteristics of earthquakes before one frequently occurring phase and the main area of strong earthquakes of the frequently occurring phase. The result indicates that there is an obvious difference of temporal and spatial characters of strong earthquake activities between the period of time before 1955 and after 1955. Before 1955, the duration of intermittent phases is shorter and the duration of frequently occurring phases is longer, and the main activity areas are the borderlines of the big triangle including the west of mainland China and its circumjacent areas. On the other hand, after 1995, the duration of intermittent phases is longer and the duration of frequently occurring phases is shorter, and the main activity areas are Huabei, the South-north earthquake belt, the Bayankala block. The main areas of different frequently occurring phase are alternant. The strong earthquakes of intermittent phase and sporadically occurring phase sometimes occurred in the main area of last frequently occurring phase or correlative with the main area of next frequently occurring phase.

Key words: Mainland China, Strong earthquake activity, Temporal and spatial characteristics

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