基于InSAR形变观测反演2015年皮山MS6.5地震滑动分布

地震 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 67-77.

基于InSAR形变观测反演2015年皮山M_S6.5地震滑动分布

李宁¹,赵强¹,李金²

1.中国地震局第二监测中心, 陕西西安 710054;
2.新疆维吾尔自治区地震局, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2016-06-29 出版日期:2017-04-20 发布日期:2019-08-14
作者简介:李宁(1985-), 女, 陕西大荔人, 工程师, 主要从事地壳形变分析与地震预报等工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41604015)与地震科技星火计划项目(XH17059)联合资助

Source Parameters and Slip Model of the 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 Earthquake Estimated from InSAR data

LI Ning¹,ZHAO Qiang¹,LI Jin²

1.The Second Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, Xi’an 710054, China;
2.Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011, China

Received:2016-06-29 Online:2017-04-20 Published:2019-08-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2015年7月3日在新疆皮山县发生了M_S6.5地震, 该地震使当地遭受了巨大的经济损失。本文利用欧空局提供的Sentinel-1A卫星差分干涉数据对该地震的震源机制情况进行了反演研究, 首先运用两轨法对卫星雷达影像进行差分干涉处理, 获取了覆盖皮山地震震区的同震形变场, 然后利用弹性半空间的均匀滑动模型反演获取了发震断层的几何参数, 并对原始观测数据进行降采样处理, 在此基础上运用分布式滑动模型反演获取了更为精细的断层滑动分布, 结果显示分布式滑动模型与观测结果有很高的拟合度。反演结果表明发震断层是一个以逆冲为主兼有极少量左旋走滑的盲断层, 此次地震断层面的同震活动分布主要集中在7~15 km深度范围内, 同震的地震矩为6.28×10¹⁸N·m, 矩震级为M_W6.46, 与前人的研究结果非常一致。

关键词: 雷达干涉测量, 同震形变, 滑动分布, 位错反演, 2015年皮山M_S6.5地震

Abstract: On 3 July 2015, an M_S6.5 earthquake occurred in Pishan County of Xinjiang, which caused huge local economic losses. We use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1A satellite to invert the focal mechanism solutions of the event. First of all, two-pass interferometry technique is utilized to obtain the coseismic deformation of the region which covers the whole epicenter of the Pishan earthquake. Secondly, we utilize the uniform slip model in elastic half-space to derive the geometric and kinematic parameters of the seismogenic fault, and after that we use the distributed slip model inversion method to obtain a more precise distribution of fault slip by means of down-sampling the original observation data. The results indicate that the inversion results are consistent with the observation data. In addition, the inversion results show that the seismogenic fault is the blind fault, which is dominated by thrust movement with a very small amount of sinistral slip. The fault slip is concentrated mainly in the depth between 7 km and 15 km, the coseismic seismic moment is about 6.28×10¹⁸N·m (M_W6.46), which is consistent with the previous research.

Key words: Coseismic deformation, Slip distribution, Radar interferometry, The 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 earthquake

中图分类号:

P315.7

李宁,赵强,李金. 基于InSAR形变观测反演2015年皮山M_S6.5地震滑动分布[J]. 地震, 2017, 37(2): 67-77.

LI Ning,ZHAO Qiang,LI Jin. Source Parameters and Slip Model of the 2015 Pishan M_S6.5 Earthquake Estimated from InSAR data[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2017, 37(2): 67-77.

参考文献

[1] 李金, 王琼, 吴传勇, 等. 2015年7月3日皮山6.5级地震发震构造初步研究[J]. 地球物理学报, 2016, 59(8): 2859-2870.
[2] http:∥www.cea.gov.cn/publish/dizhenj/464/515/20150705142446899543062/index.html.
[3] Wen Y M, Xu C J, Liu Y, et al. Deformation and Source Parameters of the 2015 M_W 6.5 Earthquake in Pishan, Western China, from Sentinel-1A and ALOS-2 Data[J]. Remote Sensing, 2016, 8, 134.
[4] Li S L, Mooney W D. Crustal structure of China from deep seismic sounding profiles[J]. Tectonophysics, 1998, 288: 105-113.
[5] 数据主要来源于2009, 2011, 2013, 2015年“中国大陆构造环境监测网络”项目.
[6] 徐锡伟, 谭锡斌, 吴国栋, 等. 2008年于田M_S 7.3地震地表破裂带特征及其构造属性讨论[J]. 地震地质, 2011(02).
[7] 李海兵, 潘佳伟, 孙知明, 等. 2014年于田M_S7.3地震地表破裂特征及其发震构造[J]. 地质学报, 2015, 89(1): 180-194.
[8] Wright T J, Lu Z, Wicks C. Source model for the M_W6.7, 23 October 2002, Nenana Mountain Earthquake (Alaska) from InSAR[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30(18), doi: 10.1029/2003GL018014.
[9] 刘云华, 汪驰升, 单新建, 等. 芦山M_S7.0级地震InSAR形变观测及震源参数反演[J]. 地球物理学报, 2014, 57(8): 2495-2506.
[10] 李永生, 冯万鹏, 张景发, 等. 2014年美国加州纳帕M_W6.1地震断层参数的Sentinel-1A InSAR反演[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(7): 2339-2349.
[11] 季灵运, 刘立炜, 郝明. 利用 InSAR 技术研究滇西南镇康—永德地区现今地壳形变特征[J]. 地震研究, 2015, 38(1): 84-89.
[12] Budding K E, Schwartz D P, Oppenheimer D H, et al. Slip rate, Earthquake recurrence, and seismogenic potential of the rodgers Creek Fault zone, northern California: initial results[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1991, 18(3): 447-450.
[13] Wei M, Sandwell D, Fialko Y, et al. Slip on faults in the Imperial Valley triggered by the 4 April 2010 M_W7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake revealed by InSAR[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2011, 38, doi: 10.1029/2010GL045235.
[14] 蒋海昆, 傅征祥, 刘杰, 等. 中国大陆地震序列研究[M]. 北京: 地震出版社, 1993.
[15] Hashim M. 3-D visualizations of coastal bathymetry by utilization of airborne TOPSAR polarized data, International Journal of Digital Earth, 2010, 3: 2, 187-206, Doi: 10.1080/17538940903477406.
[16] 王玲军, 仇晓兰, 胡东辉. TOPSAR模式特性分析级成像仿真[J]. 现代雷达, 2013, 35(1): 15-19.
[17] 季灵运, 许建东. 利用D-InSAR和AZO技术获取Bam地震同震三维形变场[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2009, 29(6): 40-44.
[18] Massonnet D, Rossi M, Carmona C, et al. The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by Radar interferometry[J]. Nature, 1993, 364(6433): 138-142.
[19] J′onsson S, Zebker H, Segall P, et al. Fault Slip Distribution of the 1999 M_W7.1 Hector Mine, California, Earthquake, Estimated from Satellite Radar and GPS Measurements[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2002, 92(4): 1377-1389.
[20] Parsons B, Wright T, Rowe P, et al. The 1994 Sefidabeh (eastern Iran) earthquakes revisited: new evidence from satellite radar interferometry and carbonate dating about the growth of an active fold above a blind thrust fault[J]. Geophys, 2006, 164: 202-217.
[21] Press W H, Teukolsky S A, Vetterling W T, et al. Numerical Recipes in C, the Art of Scientific Computing; Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1992.
[22] Okada Y. Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half- space[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1985, 75(4): 1135- 1154.
[23] Wang R J, Diao F, Hoechner A. SDM-A geodetic inversion code incorporating with layered crust structure and curved fault geometry[J]. EGU General Assembly 2013, 2013: Number EGU2013-2411.
[24] Wang R J, Parolai S, Ge M R, et al. The 2011 M_W9.0 Tohoku Earthquake: Comparison of GPS and strong-motion data[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2013, 103(2B): 1336- 1347.
[25] Xu C J, Liu Y, Wen Y M, et al. Coseismic slip distribution of the 2008 M_W7.9 Wenchuan earthquake from joint inversion of GPS and InSAR data[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2010, 100(5B): 2736- 2749.
[26] Motagh M, Bahroudi A, Haghighi M H, et al. The 18 August 2014 M_W 6.2 Mormori, Iran, Earthquake: A Thin-Skinned Faulting in the Zagros Mountain Inferred from InSAR Measurements[J]. Seismological Research Letters, 2015, 86(3): 775-782.
[27] 洪顺英, 刘智荣, 申旭辉, 等. 多视线向InSAR形变场约束的改则地震活动分布反演[J]. 遥感学报, 2015, 19(2): 295-301.
[28] Bassin C. The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America[J]. EOS Trans AGU, 2000, 81: F897.
[29] http:∥www.eq-igl.ac.cn/contents/73/6540.html.
[30] Lu R, Xu X, He D, et al. Coseismic andblind fault of the 2015 Pishan M_W6.5 earthquake: Implications for the sedimentary-tectonic frame work of the western Kunlun Mountains, northern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Tectonics, 2016, 35.