关键词: 预滑与构造压力, 震时地表断层类型, 地震前兆范畴

Abstract: Pre-earthquake creeping is a physieal base for predicting big earthquake. For the earthquake source formed under high tectonic pressure,the pre-earthquake creeping is more obvious. For the earthquake sourece formed under tectonic tension,the Pre-earthquake cereeping is favorable to closely join with the dislocation of earthquake occurrencee time. When big earthquakes(M≥7)occur,their coseismic faults on earth's surface are classified as three types:①The coseismic faults only appear in a small segment in epieen-ter area.②It appear in a length,which is equal to the fault in earthquake source, but its displacement is bigger in middle part in earth's surface.③The length of coseismiec fault is equal to that in earthquake source,and its displacement is almost same in whole length on earth's surface. According to the combination model,area displaying precursors may be divided as that:the precursors display in source region,in adjustmental elements or adjustmental field,and in more wide extent around the source which is corresponding to regional stress field. For predieting earth quake's time, loeation and magnitude,the first two are the most important,the third can be referred for prediction.

Key words: Pre-earthquake creeping and tectonic pressure, TyPes of coseismic fault on earth's surfaece, Regions displaying precursors