2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、 灾害概况与应急响应

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2024.01.010

地震 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 141-152.doi: 10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2024.01.010

2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、灾害概况与应急响应

陈光齐^1,2, 武艳强³, 夏明垚⁴, 李志远²

1.河北工业大学, 天津 300131;
2.九州大学, 日本福冈 819-0395;
3.中国地震局第一监测中心, 天津 300180;
4.成都理工大学, 成都 610059

收稿日期:2024-01-08 修回日期:2024-01-10 出版日期:2024-01-31 发布日期:2024-03-21
作者简介:陈光齐(1957-), 男, 湖北武汉人, 教授, 主要从事岩土工程及防灾减灾应用研究。
基金资助:
河北省全职引进国家高层次创新型人才科研项目(地震地质灾害链研究, 405492)

The Japan Noto Peninsula M7.6 Earthquake on January 1, 2024: Focal Characteristics, Disaster Situation and Emergency Response

CHEN Guang-qi^1,2, WU Yan-qiang³, XIA Ming-yao⁴, LI Zhi-yuan²

1. Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300131, China;
2. Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
3. The First Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, Tianjin 300180, China;
4. Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China

Received:2024-01-08 Revised:2024-01-10 Online:2024-01-31 Published:2024-03-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2024年1月1日, 日本能登半岛发生7.6级地震, 造成了重大人员伤亡与财产损失, 本文利用震后3 d的信息, 快速分析了此次地震的震源特征、受灾情况和应急响应工作。结果显示: ① 地震破裂方式为逆冲型, 余震分布呈现NE向带状特征, 范围约150 km; ② GNSS观测到震中附近显著的W-WN同震位移, 最大水平位移达1.2 m, 两段断层反演模型能够较好地拟合观测数据; ③ 震中附近观测到了较大的峰值地面速度(PGV)和峰值地面加速度(PGA), 最大达到145 cm/s和2681 cm/s², 同时烈度达到日本标准最高值(7度), 并且能登半岛附近绝大部分地区的烈度都在5强以上(日本烈度标准的从高到低第4档); ④ 截至1月3日, 此次地震已造成了日本石川县73人死亡, 323人受伤, 183栋房屋全毁或半毁, 并引发了海啸、火灾、边坡破坏、道路受损等灾害链。最后, 本文简要总结了针对此次地震的紧急救援、信息发布等灾害应对和管理措施。此项工作为理解地震机理、研究灾害成因以及开展有效应对措施提供了参考, 为未来类似事件的处置提供了借鉴。

关键词: 2024年能登半岛7.6级地震, 地震破裂机制, 地震灾害, 应急响应

Abstract: On January 1, 2024, a large earthquake with magnitude 7.6 struck the Noto Peninsula in Japan, causing significant casualties and property damage. This paper provides a quick analysis of the focal characteristics, damage and emergency response, using information in three days after the earthquake. The results show that: ① The rupture of the earthquake was thrust type, and the distribution of aftershocks showed a NE zonal character with ~150 km range. ② GNSS observed a significant west-northwest coseismic displacements in the epicenter annex, with maximum horizontal displacements of 1.2 m, and the two-segment fault inversion model was able to fit the observed data well. ③ The large PGV and PGA, with maximums of 145 cm/s and 2,681 cm/s², were observed in the vicinity of the epicenter. This earthquake produced the highest value (7 degree) of the Japanese Intensity Scale near the epicenter, and all the areas in the Noto Peninsula were above 5+ (the Japanese Intensity Scale). ④ The recent earthquake has so far resulted in 73 fatalities and 323 injuries in Ishikawa Prefecture. Additionally, 183 buildings have been either completely or partially destroyed. The seismic event also triggered a series of cascading disasters, including tsunamis, fires, slope failures, and road damages. Finally, we briefly summarize the emergency measures in disaster response, including emergency relief and information dissemination. This work provides a reference case for understanding the mechanisms of earthquakes, studying the mechnism of disasters, and developing effective responses, further, provides lessons for handling similar events in the future.

Key words: The 2024 Noto peninsula M7.6 earthquake, Seismic rupture mechanism, Seismic disasters, Emergency response

中图分类号:

P315.7

陈光齐, 武艳强, 夏明垚, 李志远. 2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、灾害概况与应急响应[J]. 地震, 2024, 44(1): 141-152.

CHEN Guang-qi, WU Yan-qiang, XIA Ming-yao, LI Zhi-yuan. The Japan Noto Peninsula M7.6 Earthquake on January 1, 2024: Focal Characteristics, Disaster Situation and Emergency Response[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2024, 44(1): 141-152.

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2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、灾害概况与应急响应

The Japan Noto Peninsula M7.6 Earthquake on January 1, 2024: Focal Characteristics, Disaster Situation and Emergency Response

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2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、 灾害概况与应急响应

The Japan Noto Peninsula M7.6 Earthquake on January 1, 2024: Focal Characteristics, Disaster Situation and Emergency Response

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2024年1月1日日本能登半岛7.6级地震: 震源特征、灾害概况与应急响应