高分立体像对提取DEM在小型拉分盆地断裂滑动速率估算中的应用

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2025.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 拉分盆地是走滑断裂中重要的派生构造之一, 其形成与断层活动密切相关。以阿尔金断裂西段1924年民丰M_S7.3双震宏观震中附近的小型拉分盆地作为研究对象, 基于高分7号(GF-7)卫星立体像对获取的高分辨率数字高程模型以及沉积物体积守恒原理, 系统地获取了拉分盆地形成过程中的体积变化量, 通过计算得到盆地拉分量为391 m。野外采集盆地所在洪积台地近地表光释光样品, 测得台地形成年代为(14.53±0.6) ka, 从而得出该段断裂的活动速率为12.9~14.0 mm/a。在拉分盆地中发现了正断剖面, 结合对地层沉积序列的研究和光释光测年的结果, 揭示了7.15 ka以来该盆地至少发生了两次地震错动事件, 并认为最近一次事件可能与1924年民丰双震有关。

关键词: 拉分盆地, 阿尔金断裂, 数字高程模型, 断裂活动速率, 青藏高原

Abstract: The pull-apart basin is an important derived structure in strike-slip faults, and its formation is closely related to fault activity. In this paper, a small pull-apart basin, which developed in the western section of the Altyn Tagh fault near the macro epicenter of the 1924 Minfeng M_S7.3 double earthquakes, was taken as the research object. Based on the high-resolution digital elevation model obtained from the GF-7 satellite stereo image pair and the principle of sediment volume conservation, the volume change during the formation process of the pull apart basin was systematically obtained, and the pull value of the basin was calculated to be 391 m. Near-surface Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) samples of the diluvial platform, where the basin locates, are collected and measured, and the result shows that the basin formation age is (14.53±0.6) ka, so the fault slip rate of this section is 12.9~14.0 mm/a. The normal fault profile is discovered in the pull-apart basin. Combined the study of stratigraphic sedimentary sequences and the OSL results, it reveales at least two seismic displacement events since 7.15 ka, and the last one is likely related to the 1924 Minfeng double earthquakes.

Key words: Pull-apart basin, Altyn Tagh fault, Digital elevation model, Fault slip rate, The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

中图分类号:

P315.7

林敬东, 熊仁伟, 杨攀新. 高分立体像对提取DEM在小型拉分盆地断裂滑动速率估算中的应用[J]. 地震, 2025, 45(1): 147-160.

LIN Jing-dong, XIONG Ren-wei, YANG Pan-xin. Application of High-Resolution Stereo Image Extraction DEM in Estimating the Sliding Rate of Faults in Small Pull Apart Basins[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2025, 45(1): 147-160.

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