地电场地震异常频率相关性统计特征研究

doi:10.12196/j.issn.1000-3274.2023.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在地震孕育与发生过程中, 地电场不同频率出现异常现象已有相关报道, 而地电场不同频率成分与地震震级的相关性统计特征仍不清晰。本文拟利用小波变换方法, 将中国甘肃平凉、新疆和田和乌什地电场观测台站12年的数据分解成不同周期成分, 如24 h、 12 h、 8 h和6 h等, 再利用滑动相关性方法分析各成分与台站周围一定震中距范围内地震事件震级之间的相关性统计特征。结果表明, 地电场高频成分(4 h和6 h等)与两个等效震级序列的地震事件均出现相关性异常现象, 但低频成分(24 h和12 h)仅与较大震级序列的地震事件出现相关性异常现象; 从时间上来看, 相关性异常现象一般在震前55 d、 20 d及10 d左右出现, 地电场频率与地震震级之间的这种相关性可能是孕震断层与潮汐作用之间的耦合作用所致; 当地电场测道方向与断层走向一致时, 该测道更容易观测到地震异常, 这可能是研究区域构造断裂所导致的地电场选择性特征的具体体现; 此外, 各台站相关性异常出现的时间不尽相同, 可能与研究区域的地质构造以及地球动力学环境有一定关联。

关键词: 地电场, 地震异常, 相关性统计, 小波变换, 滑动相关性

Abstract: During earthquake preparation and occurrence, there have been relevant reports of abnormal phenomena in the geoelectric field at different frequencies. However, the statistical characteristics of the correlation between the different frequency components of the geoelectric field and the magnitude of earthquakes are still unclear. In this paper, we proposed to use the wavelet transform method to decompose the 12-year data of the geoelectric field in Pingliang station in Gansu Province, Hetian station and Wushi station in Xinjiang, China into different periodic components, such as 24 h, 12 h, 8 h, and 6 h, and then use the shifting correlation method to calculate and analyze the statistical characteristics of the correlation between each component and the magnitude of seismic events within a certain epicentral distance around the station. The results show that the high-frequency components (4 h and 6 h, etc.) of the geoelectric field show correlation anomalies with seismic events of two equivalent magnitude sequences, but the low-frequency components (24 h and 12 h) show correlation anomalies only with seismic events of larger magnitude sequences. Temporally, the correlation anomalies generally appear about 55, 20, or 10 days before the earthquake. This correlation between the frequency of the geoelectric field and the magnitude of earthquakes may be caused by the coupling between the seismogenic fault and tidal action. When the measurement channel of the geoelectric field is consistent with the fault orientation, it is easier to observe seismic anomalies, which may be a specific expression of the selective characteristics of the geoelectric field due to the tectonic rupture in the survey area. In addition, the occurrence time of correlation anomalies is not the same for each station, which may be related to the geological structure and geodynamic environment of the survey area.

Key words: Geoelectric field, Earthquake anomaly, Correlation statistics, Wavelet transform, Shifting correlation

中图分类号:

P315.7

付阿龙, 安张辉, 范莹莹, 元丽华, 侯泽宇. 地电场地震异常频率相关性统计特征研究[J]. 地震, 2023, 43(4): 135-152.

FU A-long, AN Zhang-hui, FAN Ying-ying, YUAN Li-hua, HOU Ze-yu. Study on Statistical Characterization of the Frequency Correlation of Seismic Anomalies in Geoelectric Fields[J]. EARTHQUAKE, 2023, 43(4): 135-152.

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