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地震 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 120-130.

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基于《中国震例》的地下流体异常特征统计分析

孙小龙1,2, 王俊3, 向阳4, 王熠熙5   

  1. 1.中国地震局地壳应力研究所(地壳动力学重点实验室), 北京 100085;
    2.中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083;
    3.安徽省地震局, 安徽 合肥 230031;
    4.新疆维吾尔自治区地震局, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    5.天津市地震局, 天津 300201
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-29 发布日期:2020-07-03
  • 作者简介:孙小龙(1981-), 男, 甘肃临洮人, 副研究员, 主要从事地震地下流体研究及地震预测研究。
  • 基金资助:
    地震行业科研专项经费项目(201408019-03); 中国地震局震情跟踪定向工作任务(2015020301)

Statistical Characteristics of Subsurface Fluid Precursors Based on Earthquake Cases in China

SUN Xiao-long1,2, WANG Jun3, XIANG Yang4, WANG Yi-xi5   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics, Institute of Crustal Dynamics, CEA, Beijing 100085, China;
    2. China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
    3. Earthquake Administrationof Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, China;
    4. Earthquake Administration of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750001, China;
    5. Earthquake Administration ofTianjin Municipal City, Tianjin 300201, China
  • Received:2015-12-29 Published:2020-07-03

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摘要： 基于《中国震例》记录的1966年以来的震例, 按异常测项和变化类型分类统计了与地下流体相关的异常数量与震级、 震中距、 持续时间的相关性。 结果显示: 中国大陆M6.5以下地震的地下流体异常数量与震级无相关性, M6.5以上地震异常数量随震级的增大而增多, 二者呈指数关系; 地下流体异常多集中于距震中300 km范围内, 且各测项间无明显区别, 异常数量与震中距之间呈Gamma分布特征; 地下流体异常时空演化主要表现为 “向震中收缩”、 “构造控制”和“相对集中”三种典型特征, 震前异常数量主要表现为“持续增长”型和“先增后减”型两类, 且以“先增后减”型居多。 本文统计得到的地下流体前兆信息特征, 可为今后地震预报实践提供一定参考。

关键词: 地下流体异常, 中国震例, 特征统计

Abstract: Based on the records of the earthquake cases since 1966 in Earthquake Cases in China, according to the anomaly items and change types, we get the statistical correlation associated with subsurface fluid abnormities between the quantity and magnitude, epicentral distance and the duration. The results show that, in mainland China, the numbers of abnormal underground fluid events before earthquakes of M<6.5 has no correlation with the magnitude, and the number increases with magnitude if M>6.5, and they grow exponentially; Subsurface fluid abnormities are more concentrated in the range of 300 km from the epicenter, and no significant difference between each measurement, and abnormities number assumes the Gamma distribution characteristics with epicentral distance. The space-time features of subsurface fluid abnormities are mainly in three typical types, ‘shrink to the epicenter’, ‘tectonic control’ and ‘concentricity’. Abnormly amount consists of two typical types before the earthquake, ‘sustained growth’ and ‘decrease after increase first’, and the latter had more. The statistical characteristics of underground fluid precursor information in this paper can provide references for the future practice of earthquake prediction.

Key words: Subsurface fluid precursors, Statistical characteristics, Earthquake Cases in China

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